feat(api): REST write plane — PUT a document to propose (Phase 3)

The other agent-facing write surface, PUT /api/v1/spaces/~owner/name/
docs/<path> with If-Match and X-Proposal headers, returning
{proposal, url}. Like spec_propose it holds no proposal logic: it parses
the request into a service.ProposeRequest, calls the same service.Propose,
and maps the result and the service sentinels onto status codes — 201 on
open, 200 on add, 403 non-agent, 422 malformed document, 409 stale /
already-merged, 404 missing. The body is the whole document; title,
rationale and message ride in the query string so the body stays the
document. The acting agent is resolved from the bearer token by the
principal middleware the endpoint installs, and service.Propose is the
one ACL — an anonymous caller is a 403 there.

Split the service error taxonomy this surface exposed: ErrInvalid (422,
a malformed document the agent must fix) is now distinct from
ErrForbidden (403, a principal that may not propose at all). Conflating
them answered "bad document" with "you are not allowed", which is exactly
the distinction the retrying agent needs.